JNU Scientists Develop New Vaccine To Fight Malaria

Prohibitins are a family of proteins that play essential roles in various cellular functions, including mitochondrial activity and regulating the cell cycle.

Researchers found that the PfPHB2 protein on the merozoite surface interacts with the heat-shock protein Hsp70A1A on the surface of red blood cells. Remarkably, treatment with antibodies disrupted this interaction, stopping parasite growth completely. Moreover, antibodies against PfPHB2 were found in patients with active malaria in the Tripura region, an area where malaria is endemic.

“The presence of the PfPHB2 antibodies is a promising turning point towards malaria therapeutic development,” Manisha Marothia, a PhD student and the first author of the study was quoted as saying. Professors Anand and Shailja expressed their commitment to eliminating malaria, stating, “As scientists, our aspiration towards malaria elimination has never stopped and never will.”

The research was briefly interrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to an increase in cases and deaths.

The team is optimistic that studies using mouse models will confirm their findings. Previously, the JNU team discovered a new method to combat malaria by targeting host lipids with an anti-tumor drug. Lipids are vital cell components involved in essential life processes, and the malaria parasite targets specific lipid molecules for its growth and development, the report added.