New Delhi: The rise in cancer cases among young adults is emerging as a disturbing trend in India.
Several studies have pointed out the disease is steadily on the rise in young Indians. A 2023 study published in the British Medical Journal (Oncology) conducted across 200 countries, including India, showed that India already has a high burden of early onset breast cancer, oesophageal and prostate cancers. It also found a 79 per cent increase in new cases of cancer among those under 50 globally in just 30 years.
Dr Pakhee Aggarwal, Senior Consultant Gynaecological Oncology and Robotic Surgeon at Indraprastha Apollo Hospital told The Indian Express that traditionally, cancer risk increases with age due to accumulated DNA damage. However, she highlighted a different story for young adults:
Lifestyle Choices: The culprit lies in modern lifestyle. Obesity, a rising epidemic in young Indians, is linked to 15 different cancers. Smoking and heavy alcohol consumption are other significant contributors.
Genetics: While less prevalent, a genetic predisposition to cancer can also play a role, affecting 5-10% of young-onset cancers. Ongoing research delves deeper into this area.
Dietary Deficiencies: Processed food consumption lacks essential nutrients and antioxidants, further impacting overall health.
Dr Aggarwal attributed the rise of young-onset cancer to two reasons – existing screening programs are designed for older populations. Young adults might not experience typical symptoms, leading to delayed diagnosis, she said, adding that cancers in young adults tend to be more aggressive and follow unpredictable patterns, making treatment more challenging, she added.
Of course diet plays a crucial role in contributing to this worrying statistic, she told TIE. Diets high in processed foods and red meat increase the risk of cancers like colon cancer. Opting for a balanced plate with a focus on fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean protein is key. A diet heavy in processed foods often goes hand-in-hand with a lack of physical activity. Both these factors significantly elevate cancer risk, TIE quoted Dr Aggarwal as saying.
Her recommendations are embracing a healthy lifestyle with regular exercise, a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and adequate sleep. Avoid smoking and limit alcohol intake. On a societal level, raising awareness about early-onset symptoms and encouraging regular health checkups.
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