Umeed Scheme Shapes Dreams Of Rural Women In Kashmir’s Pulwama

By Jehangir Malik

Pulwama: The Urdu word ‘umeed’ means hope.

True to its name, the Umeed scheme — aka State Rural Livelihood Mission (SRLM) — has turned out to be a harbinger of good times for the women of south Kashmir’s Pulwama district by making them a significant contributor to family income.

Mir Masarat Qounser (42), from Sharshali panchayat in Pampore block of Pulwama, is a community mobiliser. The first leader and bookkeeper under the project, she is also president of the cluster-level federation and leads the 13-member Bagh-I-Jannat self-help group (SHG).

“I am also associated with at least 15 other SHGs in my area. The total strength of these SHGs is 300. At least 200 members are very active and performing well. The Umeed scheme has given a new meaning to our lives,” Qounser told 101Reporters.

Under the scheme, at least 10 village women can come together to form an SHG, with each contributing Rs 100 every month. The mission provides Rs 80,000 grant-in-aid, also known as capitalisation amount, which helps the SHG to launch its activities before applying for a bank loan. This is released in three tranches — Rs 15000, Rs 40000 and Rs 25000.

The members of a beneficiary SHG need not always launch a joint venture, and have the option of taking up different trades. For example, Qounser got acquainted with the scheme when SRLM officials visited Sharshali. She independently started Zaman Cloth House, dealing with ladies’ garments and kidswear in March 2018, which was fully funded under the Umeed scheme.

“First, I express gratitude to Almighty Allah and then to SRLM officials who motivated me to join the scheme,” said Qounser, who has completed her schooling.

Business interests of other SHGs with which Qounser is associated include running provision shops, poultry and sheep units, dry fruits units and kangri making.

Bilqees Binti Arshad (27) of Kadlabal-Pampore works as a mobiliser for Bismillah SHG.

“Some members have plunged into the transport business. They either have their own passenger vehicles or are supplementing the transport business of their dear ones,” said the 2019 batch anesthesiology graduate.

“Our team leader Roohi Ashraf’s shop deals with handmade sweaters. Three other members are into mobile repairing, while another runs a unisex beauty parlour, informed Arshad.

Easy Loans

The Umeed scheme has made interaction with the banking system easier for women.

“Once they access the grant of Rs 80,000, we act as the bridge linking them with banks. They can take loans up to Rs 20 lakh per SHG. The first tranche is of Rs 1 lakh, followed Rs 2 lakh, Rs 5 lakh, Rs 7 lakh and Rs 10 lakh,” said Aijaz Ahmad Wani, District Programme Officer, SRLM, Pulwama.

He added that 70% of the beneficiaries have repaid their loan amounts on time to different banks.

According to Nadeem Bhat, District Programme Manager, Institution and Capacity Building, SRLM, 2848 SHGs have been formed since 2019 in Pulwama district, with Rs 23,64,80,000 being the total loan amount disbursed to them.

“The capitalisation amounts disbursed to date come to Rs 9,38,80,000,” he informed.

The contributions of Rs 100 per month from all members are saved in the respective SHG’s bank account. This amount totals Rs 4,21,30,481 in Pulwama district. This is a continuous fund as the contributions from members are regular.

“The SHGs do not receive any subsidy under the National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM). Instead, what they get is interest subvention by the NRLM against prompt repayments to the bank,” said Bhat.

The government does not provide any support with respect to registration and accounting. The marketing support is in the form of exhibitions at different places, showcasing their products. The SRLM also organises time-to-time awareness programmes and workshops.

According to SRLM Block Programme manager Arshad Ahmad, 24000 women have so far been associated with the scheme in Pampore, Kakapora, Tral and Pulwama blocks.

Ishrat Nazir, SRLM Cluster Coordinator for Pampore, said financial assistance has played a major role in making rural women self-sufficient.

Qounser agreed.

“I applied for the bank loan in 2020 and it got sanctioned in 2021. My monthly average income used to be Rs 10,000 to 12,000 initially, but has reached Rs 16,000 now. I have appointed a salesgirl for a monthly salary of Rs 1,500.”

Qounser added that she could contribute to the family income even during the COVID-19 pandemic.

“The pandemic did affect my business, but not in a big way. At that time, banks relaxed loan repayment for us. I started to pay the instalments regularly only once the situation improved.”

Changed Perspectives

There is no doubt that the Umeed scheme has become the pillar of strength for women of Pulwama. But not everybody had it smooth, like Qounser.

“Launching the scheme in my village was not easy. People suspected the SRLM officials to be cheats. However, all that changed with the passage of time,” she said.

Some women presently have a working capital of Rs 5 lakh at their disposal. In the past, SHG members would not have met the magistrate or officer concerned without difficulties.

“We face no such hassles today. The Umeed scheme has given us a sense of pride. We get due respect whenever we visit an office, which was not the case earlier,” said 26-year-old Shazia Bashir.

District Programme Officer Wani agreed that women nowadays have become so confident that they are meeting respective officials with ease.

“I would say the community as a whole has come forward to support them. These women are the role models of our society.”

Bashir had managed her wedding expenses on her own by generating income from her saffron business. A resident of Konibal and humanities graduate, Bashir leads the 11-member Jannat SHG.

“My father has been into saffron cultivation for decades now. All along, we have seen middlemen exploit us by quoting throwaway prices for our produce. They then sell it for higher prices and earn huge profits,” explained Bashir, who now sells the produce directly to prospective buyers.

“The year 2021 brought about the much-desired change. While attending a training programme on saffron harvesting by experts from Hyderabad, I got acquainted with some buyers who now directly contact me for the produce,” informed Bashir.

With her income, she also supported her brother in running his provision shop.

“Despite being educated up to class 12, I used to sit idle at home five years ago. But now, I’m team leader of Habba Khatoon SHG and associated with dry fruit and saffron businesses. Two of my SHG mates have helped their husbands set up tailoring shops. Another SHG mate has started a dairy business,” shared Nighat Ayub (24) from Chandhara.

Some other members of Jannat SHG have scripted success by foraying into male-dominated work like sheep rearing.

(Jehangir Malik is a Jammu and Kashmir-based journalist and a member of 101Reporters, a pan-India network of grassroots reporters)